Vaporizing apparatus for liquid-fuel internal-combustion engines.



H. B. KRIJTHE. VAPOBIZING APPARATUS FOR LIQUID EUEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 29, 1907.

Patented Jan. 26, 1909.

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Specification' oi Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 26, 1909.

' A'ppfioafion am :rmm 29, m7.- sa-m No. 584,784.

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Be it known that 1,, Resources BER- nsnnus Kniarne', mechanical engineer, "a subject of the Queen of the Netherlands, residing at No. "29 Bentheimerstraaaibevoh den, in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, have invented certain new and useful Imqqid-Ftzel Interns -Comb1'rstionEngine's, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention consists in a new.

vaporizing apparatus for liquid fuel internal combustion engines.

'The new vaporizing apparatus consists substantially of a chamber which is arranged in the cylinder head, and is separated from the interior of the cylinder, and which heated by the successive combustions of the combustible. mixture in the cylinder, and in which, without the employment of'a special heat well, the admitted liquid fuel \is partly or com letely vaporized to a constant volume, and t ereby acquires "a pressure such as enables it to pass with an excess of pres-- sure and in a finely vaporized condition into the interior of the cylinder. wherein the completely vaporized fuel serves to atomize coniletely any residue of liquid fuel which may e esent therein in an unvaporized state. 30

t he admission of the fuel is e'ifected as follows A separate compression space situated'in the cylinder head is in communication through a small rior of the cylinder an with an annular space '35 arranged at the bottom of the said compression space, and this annular space communicates througha duct with the fuel supply duct in such a manner that a small quantity of fuel 'is drawn into-the said annular space the suction stroke. ,This fuel is com-.

pressed during the next following compression strokein the vaporizing a" 'aratus, and is vaporized with'constantwo ume by the contact with its highly heated walls, while the unvaporized portion remains on the bottom of the same.

come vaporizedfor the greater part and is under great pressure will assinto the interior of the cylinder, where y the completely vaporized fuel will now completely atomize the unvaporized residue and then, as above stated, will be ignited by reasonof the temperature of corn ression' obtaining in t e interior of the er.

. Apparatus for.

towln passage with the 'inte- By meansbf a positively. operated valve the body of fuel which has be= ing drawings which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the apparatus, with a rtial section through the piston and the cy a horizontal section on the line A 13 of Fi 1. Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a cross section on the ample in a practicalform the accompanyline of Fig.1. In the cylinder head a the compression nder head. Fig. 2 is cylinder 12 is inserted and fixedin a suitable manner. It is constructed as a hollow cylinder with double walls, and consists substan'tially of a com ression chamber '0 which communicates free y through the connecting ipe (Land a duct 0 formed in the cylinder ead, with the cylinder s ace f .(Fig. 1).

The compression cham er c is encircled by the cooling jacket 9 through which flows water which is an plied by thel pipe h, and flows away through the pipe ig. 2).

The bottom of the compresslon chamber c is provided with four outer oblong apertures- 7' which are annularly arranged around the axis of the compression chamber and which i are separate from one another, and opposite ch are arranged four inner similar apertures 70 (Fig. 3). The apertures and k are separated from one another by means of a downwardly extending partition 2). There is further rovided in the compression cylinder a fuel uct Z (Fig. 2),.whic communicates at one end with a fuel suppl pipem, and atv its other end with an annu ar space a situ of good heat conducting metal and hasthe shape of a hemis here. .It fits exactly 1n abore of the cylin or head which flares or is bell-mouthed towards the cylinder, sothat thev vaporizer is freely exposed towards the interior of the c linder. The vaporizing chamber g is furt er characterized by the provision of a hemis' herical bowl-shaped vessel 1* which is fixe to the vaporizer by means of-four'rihs (Fig. 4). The compresspindle sis operated by means of a bell crank a place in the chamber 0.

and serves to close an aperture tin the vessel' r, and an aperture aim the vaporizer q. The

lever 2, operated by a roller 3 and-a valve gear disk 4. As shown the free end of the lever 2 surrounds the spindle, the latter may move in a casing mounted on the cover.

Between the fuel inlet pipe m and the fuel reservoir is inserted anon-return valve 12.

In the middle of the'piston w opposite the vaporizer 1g there is screwed a table-like round plate a:.

The duct e in the cylinder head a is arranged vertically, its lower end follows a parabolic course, and the exit aperture is determined and partly formed by a shoulder or boss y in the cylinder head.

4 The manner of operation is as follows The position of the piston to shown in Fig. 1, is that of the dead center. As the iston moves down, a slight rarefaction of t air takes place in the cylinder space f, and is transmitted through the duct eand the pipe (1 as far as the interior of the compression chamber a, and the annular s ace n. (3011-. sequently the non-return va ve '0 opens a little, and somefuel flows in from the duct m and through fuel duct 1 into the annular space n, where it collects between the bottom of the cylinder b, thevalve 0, and the partition p. It is to be assumed that there is still a certainhigh pressure in the vaporizer g due to a previous compression and charge. As the piston moves down, air is drawn into the cylinder, and'during the next following, upstroke of the piston, the body of air is compressed, and compresssion also takes At the end of the compression stroke the pressure in the chamber c has become so great as to exceed considerably that in the vaporizer g, whereupon the valve 0 opens automatically and some compressed air is blown into the vaporizer g.

The fuel contained inthe annular space '12, is then carried away by the compressed air which passes partly through the apertures 7c, and partly through the apertures 7'. The fuel now passes in the state of spray into the va 0- 'rizer g .which has acquired considera 1e heat from previously occurring explosions. By reason of the contact of the sprayed charge of fuel with the heated Walls of the vaporizer, more or less of the said fuel will become vaporized according to the nature and kind of the fuel, while the non-vaporized and non-sprayed fuel will collect in the lower part of the vaporizer. By this sudden vaporization with constant volume the pressure within the vaporizer will increase considerably, to

such an extent that the ressure in the same will be far higher than t e highest compression pressure in the cylinder space f. This allows of admitting into the interior of the cylinder the charge of vaporized fuel contained in the vaporizer g, against the pressure of the body of air contained in the cylinder space f. When the piston is on a dead center and is moving down, the valve spindle s which is positively actuated as already mentioned moves up and thus opens the apertures t and at which remain open during a part of the expansion stroke. maining in the vaporizer or the non-vapo rized residue of the fuel are now expelled. In this expulsion any fuel which has not been atomized and has collected in the lower part The fuel vapor reof the vaporizer, is now completely converted atomized by the rapidly outflowin vaporized gaseous charge. This complete y vaporized gaseous charge in its movement strikes against the table-shaped plate x. The

latter has a high temperature which is due to the previous combustions and which has been maintained or increased by the compression that has taken place. Consequently the sprayed and for the greater part vaporized charge of fuel will become quickly fully vaporized and will ignite. By reason of. the table-shape of the plate :0, the sprayed fuel charge will spread uniformly in the cylinder space f with the result of producing an intimate mingling thereof with'the compressed fa rapidly and the velocity 0 ,the gaseous mass that has remained over will gradually During the time that the fuel is ,being supplied, the pressure in the va orizer 9 will lessen, but the vaporization has however taken place already." During the working stroke the air present in the compression chamber is drawn along and flows back through the pipe d and the duct e, and is conparabolic course of the exit aperture and t e lateral shoulder y to the center of the cylinder space f, where its conveyed by the tained oxygen serves to romote the process of combustion. Thus uring the workin stroke a uniform combustion takes lace, an

the gases of combustion are expe ed during the fourth stroke in the usual manne The non-return valve 0 built in the fuel supply duct has for its object to prevent the fuel from flowing back durin device not shownin the drawing which is connected to the governor and regulates the fuel supply accordin to requirement.

4 g the com res- 11 5 sion. In this duct there is a so provi ed a Instead of a perio ical and positive conof the aperture u must be made so small that the compression will be ropagated rather in v the compression space t an in the vaporizer proper- In order to obtain a tion of the delive of fuel in arrangement, it is prefera le to provide a valve in ood regula- 51s compression stro e.

somewhat greater.

In larger sizes of the apparatus the vapo rizer Q will become correspondingly larger,

and it might be diflicul't'to roduce a greater pressure in it than in the cy llinder'space; such a case a small pump 1s em loyed which forces the fuel directly into t e va orizer.

, The table shaped insure the ignition o scribed arrangement the necessary compression is not obtained, for instance, by reason of wantoftightness of the valves, the compression temperature will fall and the igni-' tion will be eflectll by the said late 0:. in this case that t e plate acts as an igniting device.

Thus itis. only Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said'invention, and WhatQmanner-the same is to beperformed, I declare thatwhat I claim is:

1.- Vaporizingapparatus for liquid fuel internal combustion engines vcomprisingv a compression chamber located in the cylinder hea and incommunication with the cylinder a vaporizer interposed between said compression chamber' and the cylinder,

meandfdrspraying a charge of liquid fuel into the va orizer under pressure of the compression c amber, and means for 1n ectmg the vaporized charge and liquid residue from plate has for 0 j'ect tothe gaseous mixture if the latter should not have become ignited I by the hightem erature produced on the If in the herein dethevaporizer into the cylinder against the pressure of the air charge within the cylinder, substantially as described.

' 2. Vaporizing apparatus for liquid fuelinternal combustion; engines compression chamber in free communication with the cylinder, a liquid fuel duct terminating in anannula'r space in free communication with'the ompression chamber, a vapo ri ze'r interposed between the cylinder and the &said annular. space and compression chamber, and a valve automatically operat ing to establish communication between the vaporizer andthe .annular s ace and compression chamber, substantial y as described.

3. A liquid fuel internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, apiston, a compression chamber a ways in communication with the cylinder, a vaporizer between the chamber and cylinder, a valve closing communicationbetween the vaporizer and cylomprising a r I inder, an annularchamber n, between the Y compression "chamber and the vaporizer, means for causing fuel to flow into sald piston, means whereby said fluid is sprayed and blowninto the vaporizer by means of the compressed air from the cylinder in the HENDRIGUS I BERNABDUS KRIJTHE.

Witnesses: r

THOMAS HERMANUS VERHAVE,. AUG ST SIEGFRIEp DooEN.

' chamber n bythe suction working of the I 

